Although it measures only 110 miles from the north to south and 200 from east to west, Bhutan - called by its people Druk Yul, "the Land of the Thunder Dragon" - is home to a remarkable variety of climates and ecosystems.
Essentially, the country is divided into three major land regions: plains and river valleys in the south; a mid-Himalayan (5,000 to 14,000 feet high) area north of the valleys; and the mountainous lands in the Himalayas, which range from 14,000 to 24,000 feet above sea level. Entry was forbidden to visitors until 1974 with limited numbers allowed to enter the country.
Due to topography, this beautiful country has been protected from external influences and the traditional way of life has survived intact. The scenery is magnificent; hermitages hang over precipitous drops often wreathed in mist. There are forests, fertile valleys, rugged mountain passes and high plateaux, making Bhutan varied and demanding trekking country.
The cultural life is also rich. Villagers assemble for vibrant local festivals in the Dzongs, or monasteries, there is also mask-dancing in the temples, archery is the national sport. Bhutanese women wear elegant wraparound skirts or kira, and checked floor-length belted robes for the men. After the first democratic elections in 2008 tourism has been growing steadily and carefully. It has several stunning luxury hotels.
